Reduction of vitamin A deficiency and anemia in pregnancy after implementing proposed prenatal nutritional assistance / Reducción de avitaminosis A y anemia en el embarazo después de la implementación propuesta de asistencia nutricional prenatal

Introduction: Micronutrient deficiency is an unquestionable public health problem, specially anemia and vitamin A deficiency (VAD). This is due to the collective dimension of these carencies, which reflects on morbimortality rates in the maternal and infant group. Objective: to evaluate the impact of a proposal for prenatal nutritional assistance, comparing the prevalence of anemia and VAD, in pre-intervention (GI) and intervention(GII) groups. Methods: this is a prospective intervention study in a cohort of pregnant women. The GI group was made up of 225 the GII group of 208 pregnant adults and their respective newborns, attended a Public Maternity Wardin Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Concentration of hemoglobin was used to diagnose anemia and a standardized interview to diagnose night blindness (XN) .Results and conclusion: after adjusting for confounding variables, through logistic regression, the protective effect of intervention at the on set of anemia (OR = 0.420;IC 95% = 0.251-0.702), with a significant reduction in prevalence, of 28.4% in the GI to 16.8% in the GII, also observed at the on set of XN (OR = 0.377; IC95% = 0.187-0.759), with a reduction in prevalence of 18.7 % in the GIto 6.2% in the GII. Nutritional intervention has a beneficial effect on maternal health, reducing nutritional deficiencies most prevalent during pregnancy and the impact of these on the obstetric ailment (AU)

Introducción: La deficiencia de micronutrientes es un problema de indudable de salud pública, especialmente la anemia y deficiencia de vitamina A (DVA). Esto es debido a la dimensión colectiva de estos carencies, que se refleja en las tasas de morbi-mortalidad en el grupo materno infantil. Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto de un proyecto de atención nutricional prenatal, comparando la prevalencia de anemia y DVA, en la pre-intervención (GI) y la intervención (GII).Métodos: se trata de una intervención prospectiva de un grupo de mujeres embarazadas. El GI consistió de 225 mujeres en el posparto y GII en 208 mujeres embarazadas y sus recién nacidos inscritos en una maternidad pública de Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Se utilizó la concentración de hemoglobina en el diagnóstico de la anemia durante el embarazo y la entrevista estandarizada para diagnosticar la ceguera nocturna (XN). Resultados y conclusión: Tras ajustar por variables de confusión, por la regresión logística, se verificó el efecto protector de la intervención sobre la anemia (OR = 0,420,95% CI = 0.251-0.702), con reducción significativa en la prevalencia, 28,4 en el GI y 16,8% en el GII, que también se observó en los resultados XN (OR = 0,377, IC del 95%desde 0,187 hasta 0,759), con una reducción en la prevalencia, el 18,7% al 6,2% en el GI y GII. La intervención dietética tiene efectos beneficiosos sobre la salud materna, reducir las deficiencias nutricionales más prevalentes durante el embarazo y el impacto de estos sobre el resultado del embarazo (AU)

Reduction of vitamin A deficiency and anemia in pregnancy after implementing proposed prenatal nutritional assistance.

INTRODUCTION: Micronutrient deficiency is an unquestionable public health problem, specially anemia and vitamin A deficiency (VAD). This is due to the collective dimension of these carencies, which reflects on morbimortality rates in the maternal and infant group. OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the impact of a proposal for prenatal nutritional assistance, comparing the prevalence of anemia and VAD, in pre-intervention (GI) and intervention (GII) groups. METHODS: this is a prospective intervention study in a cohort of pregnant women. The GI group was made up of 225 the GII group of 208 pregnant adults and their respective newborns, attended a Public Maternity Ward in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Concentration of hemoglobin was used to diagnose anemia and a standardized interview to diagnose night blindness (XN). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: after adjusting for confounding variables, through logistic regression, the protective effect of intervention at the onset of anemia (OR = 0.420; IC 95% = 0.251-0.702), with a significant reduction in prevalence, of 28.4% in the GI to 16.8% in the GII, also observed at the onset of XN (OR = 0.377; IC95% = 0.187- 0.759), with a reduction in prevalence of 18.7 % in the GI to 6.2% in the GII. Nutritional intervention has a beneficial effect on maternal health, reducing nutritional deficiencies most prevalent during pregnancy and the impact of these on the obstetric ailment.